Creating an Emergnecy Service Delivery Operation Essay

Creating an Emergnecy Service Delivery Operation - Essay Example The company will enjoy a contingent team of experience team to fill in any gap occasioned anytime. The volunteer aspect will also serve as the company’s corporate social responsibility where it connects to the people of the surrounding where its domain is felt (Thomas, & Voss, 2009). The company strategic goals and objectives will be to enhance capacity and provide extensive support in alleviating human suffering during cases of emergencies that require swift responses. The organization envisages conducting a survey regarding certain crucial information that will make the management have useful information at hand that will make them make informed choices on how to roll operation. This is in terms of routes, population density, and the area morphology. The organization also plans to increase their service two folds higher compared to the current level (Sene, 2008). In the case of fire which is the most destructive in terms of devastation and time, our organization will need tw o fire fighting vehicles fully loaded with at least 20 trained and experienced personnel in fire mitigation. In the flood rescue, it will need chopper plane, a number of life jackets, and at least 5 trained personnel in such calamities. In the case of the mass casualty incident to say road accident, the organization will need at least three ambulances with trained medical team-this may be a road accident or something of similar magnitude. In the case of a urban fire interface, the organization may need up to 100 personnel and a fleet of 10 fire fighting vehicles with functional system. In the organization, the day-to-day duties will be organized as if there is already signs that there will be a disaster at specific time. This is to avoid any delay in cases of the emergencies. The operation manager will confirm that at least five fire-fighting vehicles are ready with full load of system to respond to any emergency without any delay. The human resource manger will also confirm that th e minimum number of the personnel area available anytime any day for maximum preparation to any emergency. The toll free call has to be examined every day and their functionality noted, the recipient to the call must always be at the desk to attend to any cal on time (Blyth, 2008). This is seen as a good strategy and preparation that will ensure immediate response to the emergencies. The organization will depend on the government assistance during annual budgeting though this is not always enough to manage emergencies throughout the year. The organization is thus linking with other firms and corporate bodies to contribute in the running of the daily affairs as part of giving back to the society (Thompson, 2004). Well-wishers and philanthropist are also being courted to help the organization meet their objectives. We will also be working on getting grants from other bodies. We have to emphasize that resources are the lifeline of this organization and in the case of shortage; it can h ardly achieve its objectives as stipulated. The regional state response partners will be the city governor. We find this the best alternative since the city also has a parallel system that can supplement this. It is therefore easy to execute operation intended with them. We face several changes; this includes narrow roads and poor traffic adherence by other motorist, this always delays our operation in the cases of emergencies. The construction of the building

Leadership and change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leadership and change - Essay Example All the employees presented such a feeling mainly due to neurosis or mental distress. This means, if an employee or employees are not mentally satisfied with the organizational culture or management strategies then such a situation arises. Not only this, maximum extent of co-workers reacted very roughly that lowered my perception towards them. Such a situation aroused mainly due to lack of communication or interpersonal skills. As the employees created a communicational gap within me and them, so their level of dedication and commitment towards the assigned goals also declined significantly. Along with this, the level of performance and productivity of the employees of my department also reduced that hampered the portfolio of the organization in the market. In addition, due to lack of dedication, our department failed to achieve the targets that hindered our reputation among other subsequent departments of the organization. Moreover, due to communicational gap, the other employees of our department failed to converse with me that hampered the operations and functions of the organization to a significant extent. As a result of which, the brand image and dominance of me, as a supervisor declined significantly that proved extremely worse for me and the organization. If a similar above mentioned situation is again faced by me, then I would organise a meeting with all my colleagues and interpersonally communicate with them. In that meeting, I would try to analyse and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each employee at the time of communication so as to reduce the gap among them. Apart from this, such an interpersonal communication might help the employees to communicate effectively with me that might enhance the motivational skills of both of us. This might prove effective in enhancement of the dedication power of the employees thereby amplifying their performance and efficiency at work. In addition, to enhance the

Relationship Marketing By Mcdonalds Marketing Essay

Relationship Marketing By Mcdonalds Marketing Essay Relationship Marketing: The concept of Traditional Marketing which was mainly based on customer satisfaction has now totally shifted to Relationship building with the customers, customer retention and managing the relationships (Gronroos C, 1989). The marketing mix of 5 Ps has changed into 30Rs (Gummeson, 1996) due to the globalisation, modern business trends and ever changing consumers demand. (Webster, 1992) Now the businesses are not only focused on developing a marketing mix in accordance with the consumers demand but they need to sell their products and services in such a way that consumer should satisfy and return for making the next purchase which means maintaining relations with your customers and managing it in such a way tending the customers to stay with the business for a longer period. According to Gronroos, 1990, Relationship Marketing is to establish, maintain, manage and enhance relationships with the customers and other parties, at the profit, so that the objectives of the parties involved are met. This is actually achieved by a manual exchange and fulfilment of the promises. It is very important to build a relation with the customer in order to find out his needs, preferences and the attributes he values in the product, so that the marketer can easily formulate the strategies to fulfil those needs to satisfy the customers. Now both the parties are mutually helping each other in earning profit as customers are telling the marketers, what to sell and marketers are giving them what they need. Thus close relationship with the customer have become the vital part of todays businesses. (Aijo T. S., 1996). Along with this the company should keep in mind that if they had made certain promises with the customers should be fulfilled (Egelhoff, 1998), as these promises ma de by the company for products and services given attract and persuade customers towards that company in return they will help in companys progression by positive word of mouth and on the other hand if it is not so then it can result in disloyalty of the customers and even losing them (Colonius, 1988) and customers trust will help to maintain and enhance the relationship. (Moorman et al, 1993). Mc Donalds Company: Mc Donalds is the global fast food restaurant chain most recognised and respectable worlds leading food service retailers (www.mcdonalds.com, 2011) with more than 32000 restaurants serving 60 million people across 100 countries. (Bramhall, 2009) The company is growing with the fast pace with the promise of quality service every time and in every meal, which differentiate it from the rest of the other restaurant chains. To achieve its motive of par excellence Mc Donalds has always focused on the fact that the market and consumers demand are ever changing and has managed to adopt the marketing strategies to satisfy the customers and become the leader in the fast food industry. (www.essaysample.com, 2011) Mc Donalds follows QSCV strategy (Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value) at all its stores all over the world and the quality of products and services offered at all the stores is also the same. Out of the 32000 restaurants all over the world, 80% are franchised ( www.aboutmcdonalds.com, 2011) with a belief of working global but acting local. To maintain and manage close relationships with the customers, Mc Donalds has paid attention to the changing markets and customers wants and needs such as introduction of breakfast menus, adult food, kids zone, internet (wi-fi), Prà ªt a manger, training for the staff all over the world, adaptation of the choice of food demanded by the people in different parts of the world etc. (www.mcdonalds.com, 2011) Relationship Marketing by Mc Donalds: The customers for Mc Donalds are from the kids to the older persons, everyone can be heard saying I am lovin it. For all the customers visiting Mc Donalds, the environment seems to be the same with the consistent services as in any other part of the world (Egelhoff, 1998). Companys worldwide operations are held around a global strategy Plan to win and according to this the customers are offered with the exceptional and improved services to enhance their experiences with the Mc Donalds. (www.aboutmcdonalds.com , 2011) This is the main strategy of the Mc Donalds to retain and maintain its customers as every restaurant they are visiting they will find the best QSCV means the best quality, services, cleanliness and value for their money. For this mc Donalds is having a series of suppliers providing the same quality of the raw material needed for the products and trained staff to serve the customers in the best and the same way everywhere. Along with this the adaptation of the menu with t he new places such as Maharaja Mac instead of Big Mac in India due to preference for chicken and avoidance of beef, Samurai Pork Burger with teriyaki sauce in Thailand, Kiwi Burger in New Zealand etc (Sabana, 1996) and the adoption of new changes with the time and customers demand such as Golden Archs Hotel in Switzerland, Menu variations for people with diabetes, obesity and health consciousness, wi-fi, Mc kids, coupons, Mc Cafe etc (globaloneness.com, 2011, Butcher D., 1996). The acquisition of other brands such as Chiptole, Pret a Manger, Donatos etc has also added new customers to the company. (Light Kiddon, 2009) Kids: For kids it has set up kids zone, toys with the meal, Ronald (it is said that when children sees Ronald, they think of French fries and Burger), chicken Nuggets etc and can say fun food for the kids. (www.customessaymeister.com, 2011) Adults: For adults such as students and youngsters, it has set happy price menu as these people have limited pocket money and they value for the money they spend. They are served with burger, French fries, Mc puffs etc with coke. RM model for Mc Donalds: Its clear from the above description that Mc Donalds is using QSCV strategy and glocalisation strategy i.e. global product with the local flair to attract the new customers and retain them for a long by coping up their ever changing demands. We can say that the company is earning great success with its policy but the Loyalty Ladder model is used to assess the customers loyalty towards the company. Loyalty Ladder Model: The loyalty model is the heart of the CRM, the marketers want their customers to climb this ladder and become their loyal customers (Sanchez, 1997).The model shows that when a customer is known about a product or services he becomes the prospect and would like to try the product or services, then his next move is to buy the product and becomes the customer of the company. In such case if he likes the product would repeat the purchase and if not then he can turn to be a disloyal customer who will speak against the poor experience of the product or service delivered at every opportunity. But if they liked the product would like to repeat the purchase and become the regular client of the company, in such a case company should see to it that these clients are thoroughly satisfied as they will turn as a loyal customers in the near future. Mc Donalds is keenly acting locally with the global products so that the customers would tend to buy the product every time the new variations in the me nu or the combinations of the meals such as Happy Price Menu, Extra Value meals etc are introduced in the stores. The quality of the services and the product offered are of the superior quality with the local tastes and modifications which makes the customers of Mc Donalds, a loyal customer or a advocate who will always speak about the best experiences and the fun related to the new introductions with the time. Critical Evaluation of the Mc Donalds RM strategy: The QSCV strategy followed by the company and the global product with the local flair are the main strategies attracting the customer and the superior quality and consistency of the services are retaining them for long. Mc Donalds has gained success with its great asset customers who shared their fond experiences as a child or parents taking their family to the stores. The company is marketing, innovating and renovating the brand by huge publicity through television and other mass media sources. (Light Kiddon, 2009) But with the time the company has faced criticism such as decline of quality of food, health problems such as obesity, unavailability of same quality of raw material all over the world, toy with the meal was attracting the kids for the toy not food, health conscious customers were demanding organic food instead of the fatty stuffs. The company has successfully overcome such criticism through continuous innovations but there is need to do more for the customers as Mc Dona lds has close competitions with Burger King, KFC, Yumm etc and they are also offering the best services and global products like hamburger, chicken sandwiches and French fries etc so there is a possibility that the customers if not served well can switch to other brand very easily. The unsatisfied customers can turn to be the disloyal customers harassing the brand image of the company. Conclusion and recommendations: We can conclude from the above description that Mc Donalds is the leading brand in the fast food industry and has managed to win the hearts of the customers all over the world with its exceptional services and quality of the food offered. It has been successful in managing and maintaining good relations with the customers in spite of the criticism faced by the company over the time. But here are some recommendations for the company so that it can move on with the same pace and win the heart of the customers. Now as we know that the world has become a global market and the strategy once followed cant be successful at all the time, there is a need to introduce some changes over the time. Along with the QSCV strategy, timeliness criteria should also be introduced that the customers would be served in the particular period of time. The variations introduced according to the regions can be carried forward to the other regions also to provide an internationa l taste to customers all over the world e.g. Coconut milk served in Brazil by the Mc Donalds can also be introduced in India or Srilanka, countries where coconuts grow to give a Brazilian flavour to the meals etc. Regular innovations and communication with the public is very necessary for the company to be the top leader as it is facing tough competition in the fast food industry market with the Burger King, Yumm and KFC etc as they are also having their food specialised in a way or another so regular innovations with the meals are very necessary to keep the customers in touch regularly. References: Aijo, T.S., (1996), The Theoretical and Philosophical Underpinnings of Relationship Marketing, Environmental factors behind The Changing Marketing Paradigm, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 30 No. 2. Bramhall J. (2009), Mc Donalds Corporation, available at: http://www.hoovers.com/company/McDonalds_Corporation/rfskci-1.html Butcher D. (2010), McDonalds goes with Near Field Communications for sales lift, Mobile Commerce Daily, available at: http://www.mobilecommercedaily.com/2010/07/14/a-merchant%E2%80%99s-argument-for-mobile-contactless-technology-celent Calonius, H., (1988).A Buying Process Model, in Blois, K., and Parkinson, S. (Eds), Innovative Marketing A European Perspective, proceedings from the 17th Annual Conference of the European Marketing Academy, University of Bradford. Custom essay meister,(2011), Marketing in Mc Donalds, Term paper on Marketing, available at: http://www.customessaymeister.com/customessays/Marketing/6655.htm Egelhoff Tom (1998), Relationship Marketing: What it is and how to make it work for you, available at: http://www.smalltownmarketing.com/relationshipmarketing.html Essay sample (2011), ), Ray Kroc and Mc Donalds Marketing Strategy, available at: http://www.essaysample.com/essay/001900.html Global Oneness.com, (2011), McDonalds: Encyclopaedia II McDonalds Location-specific adaptations and variations, available at: http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/McDonalds_-_Location specific_adaptations_and_variations/id/1754532 Grà ¶nroos, C., (1989) Defining Marketing: A Market-oriented Approach, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 23 No. 1 Grà ¶nroos, C., (1990.)Service Management and Marketing. Managing the Moments of Truth in Service Competition, Free Press/Lexington Books, Lexington, MA Grà ¶nroos, C., (1994).From marketing Mix to Relationship Marketing: Towards a Paradigm Shift in Marketing, Management Decision, Vol. 32 No. 2 Light Kiddon, (2009), Six Rules for Brand Revitalisation, Wharton School Publishing, Pearson Education. Moorman, C., (1993) Relationships between Providers and Users of Market Research: The Role of Personal Trust, Working Paper No. 93-111, Marketing Science Institute, Cambridge Our Company, Getting us to know, Mc Donalds, available at: http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd/our_company.html Our story 2011, Mc Donalds, available at: http://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en/our_story.html Sabana A.R., (1996), Why and How The Traditional Marketing Paradigm Based On Only Customer Satisfaction Has Evolved To The Concept of Relationship Marketing, available at: http://www.starbacks.ca/Athens/4584/article3.htm Sanchez (1997), Customer Relationship Marketing, Building Customer relationships for enduring Profits in the Wired Economy, available at: http://www.zunch.com/zunch/files/Zunch_CRM.pdf Student Research, (2011), Mc Donalds FAQ, Our Company, Mc Donalds, available at: http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd/our_company/mcd_faq/student_research.html The Loyalty Ladder, (2011), The marketing Teacher, available at: http://marketingteacher.com/lesson-store/lesson-loyalty-ladder.html Webster, Jr, F.E.(1992), The Changing Role of Marketing in the Corporations, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 56 Write work (2011), Ray Kroc and Mc Donalds Marketing Strategy, available at: http://www.writework.com/essay/ray-kroc-and-mcdonald-s-marketing-strategy B2B Dual branding Strategy by Cemex: Abstract: This essay evaluates the B2B operations of Cemex plc that how the company has built its brand image and used dual brand strategy to become a global leader in the field of the construction materials suppliers. It will show that how the strategy has been formulated and used in different countries with a view to acquire the knowledge of the local markets and deploy this knowledge for the integration and acquisition in the global markets. B2B Marketing: Unlike B2C where businesses are directly exposed to the end users, B2B marketing is held between the businesses and it is very necessary for the businesses to maintain and manage the relationships with their suppliers, distributors and the retailers who are helping the company to not only produce a product but also transfer them to the end users. Cemex Company Overview: The Company has been established in 1906 in Mexico and from a local company it has grown to a top leader in the field of producing, distributing and marketing cement, ready mix concrete, aggregates and building related materials nearly all over the world. The company has annually 97 million metric tonnes cement production capacity, 54 million cubic metres of ready mix concrete and 168 million metric tonnes of aggregates production capacity (Kotler, 2001; Cemex.com, 2011). To provide the best products to its customers it is using local markets knowledge, combining it with the international networks and thoroughly satisfying the customers by providing integrated offering which are more reliable, of higher quality and consistent. The company has applied IT and e business ideology to gain and integrate worldwide knowledge on products, operations and customers and this has helped it a lot to provide the customers what they needed and use this knowledge for the global operations. The compa nys business model is based on the following principles: Focus on its core business of cement, ready mix concrete and aggregates Effective allocation of the capital Improving the operating efficiency and productivity continuously. Providing the customers with the best value propositions and satisfies their needs to the optimum. (Kotler, 2001) Along with these principles the dual branding strategy and acquisitions and mergers with the different local brands are helping the company to grow its empire all over the world. B2B relationship of the company: For maintaining the strong relationships with the business customers, the company is following dual branding strategy which means different local brands are operating under parent or umbrella brand. This is done to expand the business operations to the other nations and improving the brand image. The dual branding of the Cemex includes: 1. Transnational brand: this brand operates in different countries uniquely in accordance with the local market; the offerings and the operations are customized to fulfil the local conditions. Along with the local brand the main corporate brand is also advertised to make it familiar to the business consumers or the end users. (Kotler, 2001)But as it is said that it is very critical for the individual brand to cope up with the corporate brand as it is the strong brand having positive perception in the consumers mind if the individual brand fails to serve the consumers as its corporate brand then can harm the image of the main brand also. For this reason, Cemex first all work to make the individual brand or the subsidiary company successful and in accordance with the vision and mission of the corporate brand and if it is so then renamed it with the Cemex brand. For example: Cemex Thailand was bought in 2001 but renamed in 2002 after proper reconstruction and reorganisation and Cemex Sp ain in 2002 after refurbishing and making it quite successful. (Kotler, 2001) 2. Corporate brand: The corporate brand covers all the products and services offered by the company representing the corporate vision, personality and value in all its offering. Under this umbrella brand, other sub brands and individual brands are established and operated.(Esch, Tomczak, Kernstock Lengner, 2004) The prestigious brand name has an equity associated with it serving as a intangible asset for the company to leverage it.(Roll M., 2005) The main corporate brand is Cemex under whose name the main products of the company are sold. The company Cemex is rapidly growing in the cement industry across the world. It is operating in the countries like Mexico, Spain, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Venezuela and many Asian nations. (www.cemex.com, 2010) Cement market has growth potential in these countries as they need regular infrastructure and reconstruction carried out by the governments or the local contractors. Here the brand Cemex is sold in the bags not the cement, as the brand na me is associated with the strength, durability, prestige and stability distinguishing Cemex from the other cement. Along with the brand the promise to provide the customers the best value has enhanced the customer loyalty towards the brand serving as an intangible asset in such volatile economies and providing competitive edge to the company. 3. The core values of the company serving the business customers as under: Collaborations: Cemex operates its B2B relations through strong collaborations with the distributors, suppliers and the stakeholders. It licenses the brand to its distributors such as Consturama in Latin America, other than this it also offers competitive prices, training, best industry practise and marketing support with a view to build a smart world with all its collaborators and become a successful and competitive company with a positive impact on the world. (www.cemex.com,2010; Kotler, 2001) http://www.cemex.com/su/Su_lp.aspx For the successful collaborations with the distributors the company has made 3 commitments: 3.1.1 Competitiveness: Cemex believes in running business by increasing its competitiveness through improved operational efficiency, innovative products with high standards as demanded and liked by the customers. Impact reduction: Cemex is basically a cement company dealing in concrete, aggregates and other building stuffs which are more likely to be dangerous if not handled safely. Company strives to minimize the risks of fatalities at work place, noise pollution, air pollution etc to put a positive impact on the world. Stakeholders outreach: company deals with number of stakeholders such as employees, suppliers, customers and neighbours and always tries to manage good relations with them through training programs, dialog sessions, meetings and online services etc. This helps in overcoming the challenges faced for building strong relationship with the stakeholders. (www.cemex.com, 2011) Integrity: for leveraging the brand equity and making it a prestigious brand, the company is also engaged in social activities such as Patrimonio Hoy (www.cemex.com,2010, Letelier, Flores, Spinosa, 2003) which provides housing solutions to the low income families, using alternative sources of fuels to reduce carbon emission and making the world green such as Eurus, a wind farm project, supplying 25% of the energy needed by the plant in Mexico etc. Such activities makes the brand more familiar to the general public and their desire for the brand tend the suppliers and contractors to associate with the company increasing firms efficiency and profitability. Leadership: By integrating IT knowledge with its global operations, Cemex has strengthened its position for the global leader in the cement industry and acquisition of RMC has smoothed its path for success. The continuous feedback from the customers helps in regular improvement of the services, simplified business transactions and access to real time account has helped the company to improve its relationship. ( Kotler,2001) Cemex Capital: To enhance and improve customer relationships the company has launched a financial assistance body known as Cemex Capital, it is a credit branch of the company providing financial support to the business customers and partners. The assistance can be in form of credit for buying the products, to finance the working capital and allotting loans for construction projects. Besides this the loans are offered at the rates lower than the markets. Critical evaluation of the B2B relationships strategy of Cemex: The world leader Cemex in the cement industry has adopted dual branding strategy for managing business relationship. The corporate brand is associated with the reliability, stability and strength and the national brands are according to the local markets need fulfilling their unique needs and emotionally attached with the customers. The corporate brand has its brand equity providing value addition to the product and enhances consumers perception for the brand. ( Aaker, 1991; Keller, 1993; Bendixen et al, 2004). But at the same time, all the products under the umbrella brand are expected to be as good as the main product and deliver the promise made by the company, to provide the best quality to the consumers. The mergers acquisitions and collaborations with the stakeholders subsidiaries need deliberate efforts to amalgamate with the international brand, having its own corporate abilities, styles and reputation. (Lambkin, 2009)Before rebranding any local subsidiary, proper reconstru ction and reorganisation is done, the managers run a focus group activity and commercial team effort to establish the local brand with the corporate brand. If the company fails to properly communicate with the new stakeholders, employees and integrate the corporate culture (Balmer Dinnie, 1999; Krishnan et al., 2007) than can cause decline in service quality (Urban Pratt, 2000) and also lacks the competition in the outer world. (Reichheld Henske, 1991). So, it is necessary for the company to leverage its brand equity with proper amalgamation and rebranding policy to avoid any negative consequences in the business. Conclusion and recommendations: We can conclude that through strong corporate brand image Cemex has successfully become the worlds leader in the infrastructure industry, it is not only engaged in the supplies of the basic materials but also provide the other utilities under its brand name through a channel of the subsidiaries and individual brands operating under the umbrella brand Cemex all over the world. The strong corporate brand creation has resulted in cost efficiency and brand building advantage for the company. The individual brands allow the company to fulfil the local markets need and the corporate brand is providing an international platform to the operations of the company and maintains strong B2B links with the clients, distributors and the end users. The company is earning great success but still it is recommended that B2B branding strategy serves a better platform for managing and enhancing relationships but if done with care such as employee involvement, stakeholders knowledge and market study then it will be more successful. The company can also diversify its operation such as media, entertainment or technology for the purpose of risk reduction and using its corporate brand in these fields to get cost efficiency and more B2B relations.

The Causes of the Cold War - Post-Revisionist :: American America History

Dwight D. Eisenhower once said, "Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signified, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold but not clothed." There was never a war that this idea can be more correct applied to than the Cold War. According to noted author and Cold War historian Walter Lippman, the Cold War can be defined as a state of tension between states, which behave with great distrust and hostility towards each other, but do not resort to violence. The Cold War encompasses a period from the end of the Second World War (WWII), in 1945, to the fall of the Soviet Union, in 1989. It also encompassed the Korean and Vietnam Wars and other armed conflicts in the Middle East and Africa, that, essentially, were not wars for people but instead for territories and ideologies. "Nevertheless, like its predecessors, the Cold War has been a worldwide power contest in which one expanding power has threatened to make itself predominant, and in which other powers have banded together in a defensive coalition to frustrate it---as was the case before 1815, as was the case in 1914-1918 as was the case from 1939-1945" (Halle 9). From this power contest, the Cold War erupted. In April 1945, Russian forces that had been triumphant at Stalingrad had pushed the German forces back into Germany and American and British forces that had been victorious in their invasion of Normandy did the same; they met at the Elbe River in central Germany (Lukacs 17). Europe was separated into two independent halves, one Russian occupied and the other American; from this division, the Cold War emerged. "When a power vacuum separates great powers, as one did the United States and the Soviet Union at the end of World War II, they are unlikely to fill it without bumping up against and bruising each other" (Gaddis). This 'bumping' and 'bruising' caused the tensions and hostilities that surfaced in the years following WWII. There are three doctrines examining the origins of the Cold War: Orthodox, the belief that "the intransigence of Leninist ideology, the sinister dynamics of a totalitarian society, and the madness of Stalin" (McCauley 88) caused the Cold War; Revisionist, the id ea that "American policy offered the Russians no real choice...either acquiesce to American proposals or be confronted with American power or hostility" (McCauley 90) and thus, America caused the war; and the

Chapter 8 Solve This Problem Essay

Choose from the list of problem scenarios below. Using the steps involved in problem solving that were discussed in this chapter, describe how you would go about solving this problem. 1. Mrs. Smith’s daycare provider is closing in four weeks. Both Mr. and Mrs. Smith work full-time during the day and need daycare for their child. They have only a short period of time, however, to find a new, safe, reliable daycare provider. : I would start looking or asking people where they take their children and maybe take a look at thier daycare and see how it works out for me. Also if I didn’t find a daycare within the short time of period I would quit my job for that short time that daycare is close and look after my children/ child until the daycare re-opens up again. 2. Tim is planning a summer vacation for his family of five to Disney World in Florida. He lives in Pennsylvania and is trying to figure out whether it could be more cost effective to drive to Florida or to fly there .: I think flying and driving to florida would be less cost effective but at the same time I’m thinking flying would be the less cost effective because you can buy 5 round trips: one that takes you and brings you back with one airplane ticket. Because if you drive you’d have to stop for gas and food for the road-trip and it would cost more. 3. Sarah has a 20-page paper due in six weeks and has not yet started to work on it. She is feeling overwhelmed, because she works a full-time job during the day and has three children at home in the evening. She knows she should started working soon on the paper but is not sure where to begin.: Between the children and the job and I’d start working on it little by little on my free times I have and if I finish before the six weeks I would revise it and made it better. 4. Mr. Jones’s parents are growing older and are finding that they can no longer live in their big three-bedroom house. They want to sell their home and move to either a smaller house, a retirement community, or an assisted-living facility. Mr. and Mrs. Jones said they would help his parents find an appropriate place to live but are not sure where to begin. I would look at my budget and start narrowing down the houses that are out of my range. Also I would look at rooms the house has and look at the neighbor until I find the house that has 1-2 rooms and is between my budget and also  the neighbhood. 5. Sally found out through a friend that her current boyfriend has been cheating on her with another woman. She is very distraught and is not sure what to do about the situation. :I would talk to him and if he lied I would of break-up and move on with my life, but also I would need to have proof if he was cheating or hire a detective to follow him to all the places he went to. Because sometimes friends lie to see you down, and sad and maybe their the other woman that your boyfriend is seeing. Activity Handout 7.2 How Do You Think This Invention Came About? Think of an invention such as television, the electric razor, the toaster, or the blender and describe how you think this invention came about. Discuss the various steps involved in creative thinking that were outlined in this chapter. Originality- seeing unique or different solutions to a problem (After noting that electricity passing through a conductor produces a glowing red or white heat, Edison imagined using this light for pratical uses. ) Fluency- Generating a large numbers pf possible solutions (Edison tried literally hundreds of different materials to find one that would heat to the point of glowing white heat without burning up.) Flexibility- Shifting with ease from one type of problem-solving strategy to another (When he couldn’t find a long-lasting material Edison tried heating it in a vaccum- thereby creating the first lightbulb.) Activity Handout 7.3 Which Type of Intelligence Is It? Read through the scenarios below and identify what type of intelligence—analytical, creative, practical, verbal, mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, or naturalist—you think the individual has. 1. John spent years trying to come up with a solution to how to water a Christmas tree without having to do it himself every day. Type of Intelligence: Naturalistic 2. Susan has always been interested in building things. At a young age, she built model airplanes with great enthusiasm. She went to college and graduate school and earned a degree in architecture. She is now the CEO of her own architectural firm. Type of Intelligence: Spatial 3. Jim started taking ballroom dancing classes as a child. He became the Younger U.S. Champion at age 12, has continued dancing, and is now competing for the World Champion title. BopType of Intelligence: Bodily/Kinesthetic 4. Lee Ann Rimes earned her first Academy of Country Music Award at the young age of 12. She has sold millions of albums and continues to hit the charts with top-selling records. Type of Intelligence: Musical 5. Cecil wrote his first novel at the age of 16 and, just recently, his third novel made the New York Times best-seller list. Type of Intelligence: Linguistic 6. Jane has always loved working through math problems and excelled in her math classes. She can work through sudoku puzzles in little time and finds math very challenging. She is the senior accountant at her accounting firm. Type of Intelligence: Logic/Mathematical 7. Jeremy has always had a green thumb. He grew up on a tree farm and learned at a young age about plants and flowers. He went on to earn a graduate degree in the agricultural sciences and recently found a way to cross-pollinate watermelons with cantaloupes to make a delicious new fruit. Type of Intelligence: Naturalist Activity Handout 7.4 The Structure of Language List five examples of structures of language. Use the various language structures discussed in this chapter. Prelinguistic Stage – Birth to 12 months Crying ( reflexive in newborns) becomes more purposeful Examples: Hunger Cry, anger cry, pain cry Cooing (vowel-like sounds) (2-3 months) â€Å"ooooh,† â€Å"aaaah† Babbling (consonants added) (4-6 months) â€Å"bahbahbah,† â€Å"dahdahdah† Linguistic Stage – 12 months to 5 years Babbling resembles language of the environment, and child understands sounds relate to meaning Speech consists of one-word utterances – â€Å"Mama,† â€Å"juice,† â€Å"Daddy,† â€Å"up† Expressive ability more than doubles once child joins words into short places – â€Å"Daddy milk,† â€Å"no night-night!† Overtension(using words to include objects that do not fit the word’s meaning) – all men = â€Å"Daddy† all furry animals = doggy Telegraphic speech(like telegrams, omits nonessential connecting words) – â€Å"Me want cookie† â€Å"Grandma go bye-bye?† Vocabulary increases at a phenomenal rate.  Child acquires wide variety of grammar rules – adding -ed for past tense adding s to form plurals Overgeneralization(applying basic rules of grammar even to cases that are exceptions to the rule) – â€Å"I goed to the zoo† † Two mans†

Antigone vs a Raisin in the Sun Essay

While Antigone by Sophocles and A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry are very difference stories they have many similarities. Antigone is the about daughter of Oedipus trying to do what she believes is good. Her brothers have killed each other and while one gets a proper burial, the other is left to be eaten by wild animals. The reason he is not allowed to be buried is because King Creon believes he is unworthy of it. The main character Antigone defies Creon’s law and buries her brother anyways which upsets the king and he locks her up and puts her in jail. His son Haemon, as it turns out, is Antigone’s soon to be husband. He does not agree with Creon’s tactics, but doesn’t do anything to go against him at first. Over time, Creon still does not have any intention of letting Antigone go nor does he think that he is wrong. A prophet comes to him and tells him he should probably let Antigone go unless he wants to live a miserable life. He still does not let her go, and it ends up that she kills herself. Haemon sees this, and also kills himself. Lastly, his wife Eurydice is so distraught that she kills herself, and Creon is left all alone. A Raisin in the Sun is about a poor black family that suddenly inherits a good sum of money because the family’s father died. Mama, the mother of the household, wants to get a house of their very own which happens to be in a white neighborhood. Beneatha, the young student of the family, wants to use the money for her education. Walter, Mama’s only son and Ruth’s husband, wants to invest the money in a liquor store. Over the course of the play they are met with racists, liars, and snobs who conflict with the main characters. After all the hardships they eventually still move into the house. These two very different stories have similar and different themes, situations, symbols and characters. Antigone and A Raisin in the Sun have a lot of similarities. The burial in Antigone symbolizes the love for her family. The prophet symbolizes the fate of the family. Ruth symbolizes the hardships of motherhood. The money symbolizes the father, and the future goals of the family. Both stories have symbols that have to do with family. A symbol is something that stands for itself and something greater than itself, and both stories use people as symbols, acts that people do as symbols, and objects as symbols. Walter: [W]e have decided to move into our house because my father—my father—he earned it for us brick by brick. † Fathers in the family are very important to each of the characters. Both Creon and Walter want respect as a father. The main female protagonists in each story are similar too. They are strong independent women that stand up for what they believe in. While Bennie wants to get in touch with her African roots, Antigone wants to bury her brother. Other people doubt these female heroes, but in the end they follow their hearts. The theme of pride is also evident in both of the stories. Creon and Walter’s pride is the downfall of both of them. Walter is too prideful to admit that maybe his get rich quick schemes are not what the family should be doing with the money. Creon’s pride makes it so that he cannot just let Antigone go and ends up killing everyone he holds close. The situations that the characters in the stories go through have some similar situations also. Both have the situation of losing a loved one before any action takes place. In Antigone we don’t get to know the actual brother that is being buried but he is a big part of the play. Same thing goes for A Raisin in the Sun, where we don’t really know much about the deceased father, though all the main characters miss him. For plays that are so widely different, there are many similarities. Even though there are similarities, there are many differences between the two plays. For one thing, no one actually dies in A Raisin in the Sun. It is not a tragedy like Antigone is and thus, it is way less tragic. â€Å"My nails are broken, my fingers are bleeding, my arms are covered with the welts left by the paws of your guards—but I am a queen! † No way would this appear in A Raisin in the Sun. While Antigone is a greek tragedy written before the birth of Christ, the other story takes place in Chicago in the 1950’s. While the character Antigone goes to great lengths to ensure her brother’s burial, she does not take into account how her sister Ismene will be affected, or how her future marriage might be terminated. The characters in A Raisin in the Sun are much more thoughtful of each other and want the money to be used to help everyone in the family. Antigone does not have any money problems because she was the king’s daughter and all her money issues are taken care of. While she does not have any money issues, it does not mean in any way that her life is more fortunate. One of the prevailing themes of this play is the nature of tragedy. No matter what happens we know that it is doomed to fail because of the nature of the play. At least when reading A Raisin in the Sun we hope that the Youngers have everything turn out all right. The theme in that story is about dreams and much more relatable. In conclusion, Antigone and A Raisin in the Sun have many similarities and differences. The symbols in the story greatly vary in many aspects while they still have something to do with family. The characters Antigone and Bennie are alike while Creon and Walter are also alike. There are many different themes in both stories but love, family, and pride are alike in both of them. The conflicts in the story do not have very much in common which makes it more out of the ordinary that they have similar symbols, characters and themes. It is interesting how two greatly varying stories can have so much in common even though they were written by very different people.

Adhesive Bonding essays

Adhesive Bonding essays Adhesive bounding of aluminum components in the aircraft and automotive industry are rapidly replacing many conventional methods of joining two parts togheter. Adhesives bonding is a process where a monomer compound is applied in between joints and is chemically allowed to transform into complex long chained polymers which interlock the mating parts by inter-atomic bounding and diffusion of the adhesive into the adherents. In most common uses, bonds are permanent, such as the thermosetting adhesives, and require machining in order to separate the mating parts. In other cases, the adhesive bond might be directly related to the operating temperature, as in thermoplastic adhesives, or may contain natural resins and form an elastic bond such as elastomeric adhesives. Adhesives are mostly limited to shear stress applications due to their relatively low peel and creep capabilities and require far more surface area to form a joint then conventional methods, however, their benefits in weight reduction and enhancing ergonomics, as well as their still fairly inexpensive and ability to function in a wide range of environments, are attractive traits which may influence a designer to select such a process. Adhesives have been long known as the oldest means of joining two parts togheter. In fact, archeological evidences has been found showing the use of natural resins by early man to fasten arrows and spear heads to shafts (3, 170). They also found there first structural use well over three thousand years ago in the construction of the Tower of Babel ( 9, 3). However, it wasn't until the second World War where great advances where made in structural adhesive bonding which applied to metal to metal structures. Redux, an adhesive conceived in England, was the first ever adhesive used in considerable proportion on the lightest fighter plane of that time, the Mosquito. Following in it's allied foot steps, the Americans also adopted this proces...

Finish some philosophy quiz Example

Finish some philosophy quiz Example Finish some philosophy quiz – Essay Example Philosophy questions Question I. a True b True c True d True e True since in B-rule every voter offers a linear ordering of the underlying candidates by assigning them a score as the last candidate are ranked with least points f.) True as every voter ranks the candidates in the order of the preference from top to bottom. Moreover, the voter can be permitted to rank the candidates as equivalent in order to express the prevailing indifference amidst them. g.) True, since in C-rule every voter distributes a fixed number of prevailing points and the candidates with the maximum points wins. This strategy can also work in B-rule as every voter offers a linear ordering of the underlying candidates by assigning them a score as the last candidate are ranked with least points II.a.) Therefore, it is imperative to use the C-rule and neither the M-rule nor B-rule are to be usedB= the B-Rule is to be used in EE=the most preferred exist in EM= the M rule is to be used in EE=the most preferred exis t in ES=everyone votes sincerely in ET= social preference is transitive in ED=the most preferred cab be discovered in EO= voter preferences measured ordinallyI= it is imperative to use the C-rule~ (T˄-O) ˅ ~ (I˄~D)~ (D ˅O)S→ (~O→ (~I˄T)Therefore,~STree method0>~ (T˄-O) ˅ ~ (I˄~D)2>~ (D ˅O)3> S→ (~O→ (~I˄T) S ~D ~O ~S 4 >~ D → (~I˄T) ~~D 5>I˄~D ~I T 7 >~ (T˄O) 8>~ (I˄~D) ~T ~~O ~~I ~~D Since all the ends are closed, the argument is valid B.)In case i is indifferent between a and b and also between b and c, then I is indifferent between a and cIII.~ (U˄T) ˅ ~ (P˄~D)~ (E3 ˅P)R→ (~P→ (~T˄U)Therefore,~RIV. C-rule is stables since it solely distributes a fixed number of prevailing points and the candidates with the maximum points wins. B-rule is also stable since every voter offers a linear ordering of the underlying candidates by assigning them a score as the la st candidate are ranked with least points Conversely, M-rule is unstable since every voter ranks the candidates in the order of the preference from top to bottom. Moreover, the voter can be permitted to rank the candidates as equivalent in order to express the prevailing indifference amidst them.ReferenceJacquette, D., Gabbay, D. M., Thagard, P., & Woods, J. (2006). Philosophy of Logic. Burlington: Elsevier.

Analyzing Pro forma Statements Essay Example for Free

Analyzing Pro forma Statements Essay This financial analysis will define an initiative of what to implement, that would increase sales over the next five years. It can either be, another market, product, or a corporate expansion. A pro forma will be created and used for the XYZ Manufacturing Company of a five year projections. Assumptions will be made to support each line item, to increase or decrease the forecasted statements. There will also be interpretation of the financials, in relation to the initiative. Recommendations are to made on the potential discretionary financing needs. This word analysis is the company’s short term and long term financing needs, and strategies to help the company manage their working capital (University of Phoenix, 2014). Pro forma statements are created by, forecasting and combining the income and balance into a financial statement format. This will determine how the account balances are forecasted by acquiring forces that will influence and project how the accounts will be influenced. These forces are recognizable as restrictive debt agreements, sales, and company policies The following illustrations below is the Pro forma’s process for a five-year projection. This information is based on historical data collected from the sample provide (UOPX, 2014)..There is acquired information of a increase in sales new product as the result of a new product introduction also an increase in the production capacity. The increase in sales will acquire fixed assets with the excess cash (Parrino, Kidwell, & Bates, 2012) Pro forma Balance Sheet for XYZ Company, INC. Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity-$559,608 $649,251 $848,766 $1,,037,172 $1,183,541 In the above balance sheet the current assets and current liabilities has increased in the ratio of sales (Parrino,Kidwell, & Bates, 2012, p90,91. 92) There is also an additional increase in the fixed assets. The company to take out an additional loan to meet the capital expansion, and the working capital needs (Parrino, Kidwell, & Bates, 2012) I would recommend that the company The first step in this pro forma financial statements is the forecasting of sales. Sales always influence the current asset and current liability account balances. For example: the account receivable balances would need to become larger increased if the firm needs to carry more inventory. Through the profit margin, and the dividend payout ratio. There is much difficult in forecasting sales, but it is an essential, it only depend on the season of the year, economy and the industry There could also be many other factors as well. Reference Parrino, R., Kidwell, D. S., & Bates, T. W. (2012). Fundamentals of corporate finance (2nd ed.). Hoboken, N. J.: John Wiley & Sons. University of Phoenix material, (2013) â€Å"Analyzing Pro Forma Statements†

Jet Blue - Strategic Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Jet Blue - Strategic Management - Assignment Example Jet Blue embarked on an ambitious expansion plan, adding new planes and routes much faster than it added passengers. With the added capacity for more passengers, but customer base falling due to competition, Jet Blue started to face its most crucial problems. The profits started declining until in 2006 Jet Blue reported its first ever loss. Jet Blue could not utilize its planes to full capacity to meet the increasing fuel charges. Till now, Jet Blue hasn't been able to recover fully although the company is profitable again. (Press Release - Jet Blue, 2006) (Kahn, 2004) The shareholders of a company want higher returns on the shares in the form of dividends and value of the share. On the other hand, a community does care what returns the shareholders get. They want the company to conduct a business that either gives a positive return to the community or does not hinder the community in either way. To balance between these two, a company must realize that most of the shareholders are a part of the community; hence they would want the well being of the community as well as their own interests in the company. Therefore a company should concentrate more on the needs of the community which eventually would be in the best interests of the shareholders as well. 2 - Getting loyal customers to put out a phone "request for proposal" soliciting competitors' bids - This is ethical since you don't your the customers actually don't need the bids, therefore, this practice is not encouraged. 5 - Buying competitors' products and taking them apart - after buying something, it becomes your property (unless stated otherwise) therefore taking it apart to analyze is okay. 2 - Hiring management consultants who have worked for competitors - consultants are not your employees thus this practice is not appropriate since it would be unethical if consultants give some information about the competition   

Bobs Meltdown Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bobs Meltdown - Case Study Example As the discussion outlines the first alternative that Singer could take is to fire Dunn, who is the senior Vice President and General Manager, Services. However, the case study identifies that Dunn is the best manager and the profitability of the company probably rides on his shoulders. This alternative will make the company lose revenue, and probably end up insolvent. The other alternative that Singer could take is to severely reprimand Dunn and make him apologize to Ms. Annette over his behavior. Organizational behavior ethos dictate that the best functioning of an organization as a team requires the cohesion that can only be achieved by a unity between the managers. The third alternative would be to assume that Dunn was under a lot of pressure from the responsibility entrusted to him. Therefore, this alternative would require that Mr. Singer talks to Dunn and tells him to calm down, and that Annette would be made to understand the importance of the services department. From this study it is clear that all the alternatives proposed above their own limitations and strengths, mainly because of the deep ethical and professional implication of Dunn’s actions. The first alternative is the first consideration, because of the unprofessional nature of Dunn’s reaction. However, this alternative would result in a loss in profitability for the company before another manager as good as Dunn is found. The second alterative, a reprimand and no other action being taken, is not very advisable for the firm. This is because of the interpretations that the action would elicit from the other employees. This alternative would imply that the company does not care about some employees, especially the female employees, and that the performance record by Dunn gives him more leeway than the other employees.

Organizational behavior ( UAE company ) Research Paper

Organizational behavior ( UAE company ) - Research Paper Example In the first year of operation, Emirates Airline started its flights in Karachi. It started its European operations to London in 1987. After 3 years, the company was able to double its operations thereby allowing it to grow at annual rate of 25%. The revenue of the company today is approximately $11.8 billion annually. It employs approximately 36,000 employees. Moreover, the number of international passengers between 2009 and 2010 was approximately 25.9 million (Reportlinker, 2012). The number of flights that the company is able to reach per week is approximately 2400. The goal of this paper therefore is to discuss the behavior of Emirates airlines by studying its PETS and SWOT analysis. These will help to identify the various problems that are facing the organization today. Moreover, they will help to explain why the events are happening today. It will analyses the challenges by adopting the OB theory of X and Y. It will also discuss the leadership personality traits and the conflic ts within the industry. SWOT analysis Strengths Emirates Airline flies to six continents in the world. In this perspective, it is able to cover approximately 100 cities. In the Asian continent, the company has a market share of approximately 39 percent (Free Swot Analysis, 2012). Moreover, it is a state owned corporation thereby boosting its financial base. Moreover, it lies in between east and west Asia thereby allowing the company to boost its market share significantly. Weaknesses There is open competition in the country which has allowed other competing businesses to venture in the market. Moreover, the company is faced with a dire need to improve its performance in all the regions around the world in order to increase its market share. In addition, the company does not pay its labor sufficiently thereby limiting its productivity. Opportunities Since Emirates Airline has joined the global airline alliance, it should focus on areas such as Disney Land which is attracting internat ional communities to use Emirates Airline as their first choice. This has strengthened the company’s operations globally. Threats Since Emirates Airline is owned by the state, it is heavily affected by the policies that the government implements. Moreover, since different types of labor are required to cope with different types of aircrafts, it becomes difficult for the company to meet the demands of the employees without any conflicts. PEST Analysis Political The political scene in the Asian pacific has been favorable in 2000s. As a result, most of the countries are making agreements which have facilitated trade within the region. These agreements have opened up opportunities for the company (Articlesbase, 2012). Economic The United Arab Emirates economy has been advancing at a consistent pace thereby increasing the overall income of the country. As a result, the revenue per capita has grown significantly thereby allowing the people in the region to make use of air transport . As a result, Emirates Airline has noted a steady growth in the recent years (Articlesbase, 2012). Social Emirates Airline conducts its operations in an area that has a large number of employees. Most of these employees do not demand high compensation. In this case, there is a huge difference in labor costs with countries such as the US. In this case, the company has been able to boost its profits significantly. However, many employees are becoming aware of their

DQ2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

DQ2 - Essay Example It was Goffee and Jones who considered the fact that, there are never-ending assortments of leaders and managers moreover no individual can immediately imitate a different leader or a different manager. Accordingly the dare facing the potential leaders and managers is for them to maintain their true personalities with a lot more polished skills. Which is why, individually they would need to formulate their own approach towards successful leadership and managers (Goffee, 2000). Will set a track or else visualization that others pursue, without taking into account the fact as to how this fresh direction is going to be accomplished. There are individuals then within the group who have to try real hard to complete the picture, a lot of effort is then required on their behalf. In this case the individual will be able to administer the resources in order to preserve the position or else make sure things go on in line with the previously recognized tactics. E.g.: a cricket match umpire supervises the game, however does not generally endow with leadership for the reason that there is no fresh alteration, no novel direction. Moreover the umpire is scheming resources to make sure that the rules of the game are ensued also position is preserved. In a situation where both exist, it would imply mutually the establishing of new paths along with administering the resources to accomplish it. E.g. A recently nominated leader otherwise a premier. It is quite possible that an individual might be an effective leader but not an effective manager. In this case, the manager or the leader would somehow make sure that there work goals are met, but they would not be able to accomplish anything in total. Experts also believe that all human beings have sometimes both the traits. The efficiency of the management comes into play here, when they need to recruit an individual and then work upon his skills to polish

International Taxation - International Taxation and Foreign Tax Research Paper

International Taxation - International Taxation and Foreign Tax Credits - Research Paper Example However, in reality the U.S. government ignores this concept of neutrality and imposes taxation on profits earned by U.S. companies in any country outside the border. Thus, U.S. companies who seek to spread businesses overseas are burdened with a combination of tax systems. Such companies are required to pay taxes to the U.S. Government as well as the government of the countries where they are conducting their activities (Henchman, 2011, pp.1-2). This paper contains my proposals as a tax professional to my U.S based client who wants to expand his business into foreign markets. Taxpayer’s organizations My client can establish chain of hotels or restaurants in a foreign country. This will make my client fall under deferral system of U.S. foreign tax. Under this system, subsidiary companies that are situated in other countries can be exempted from U.S. taxation unless such revenue is repatriated to the parent company like in the form of dividends. Also, I will advice my client to launch hotels in countries that are keen on promoting tourism by easy tax credits and ready development loans. For instance in Peru, foreign investors on hotel industry are given tax incentives and tax returns even before the investments are completed or the recommended constructions are completed (Finkelstein, 2012). The second type of organization that my client can establish is manufacturing company. This will benefit my client if he sells the manufactured products to foreign clients with foreign titles. Such income will fall under foreign income category although the company is situated with the U.S. Moreover, in the initial year since my client will be new in the foreign market his sales volumes will be low. In that case my suggestion will be to conduct activities from the U.S. without opening subsidiary company in the foreign country. In this way he will be able to avoid local taxes in the country on income earned from local sources. Tax mitigation on repatriate earnings A ma jor portion of income earned by U.S. companies is derived from foreign sources. Both the United States and the country in which the company is executing its activities prefer to impose taxes on the company. The governments of both countries try to benefit from these companies thereby establishing double taxation concept. Although the U.S. government attempts to mitigate its tax claim, these overlapping tax impositions create complications for U.S. tax collectors. This provides opportunities to multinational companies to avoid taxes. Subsidiary companies are confronted with high tax rates in countries where they operate. As an owner of a multinational company, my client will have an incentive to get income remittances in one of the forms that propose tax deductions. The incentive will not be in the form of dividends. A remittance that is subject to tax deductions directly reduces tax payments of source country. On the other hand, dividend expenses may only generate unusable surplus o f credits. The strategy is to keep the rates of tax less than that on dividends on the forms of payments that fall under the category of tax deductions. This will be more beneficial if the parent company that is situated within US has surplus of credit. It will be then profitable for my client to conduct payments in these tax-deductible forms. The surplus of credits can also be utilized for counterbalancing any remaining U.S. tax on such payments. The principle impact will be that

Mobile Banking Factors why consumers are resisitng the new technology Essay

Mobile Banking Factors why consumers are resisitng the new technology - Essay Example Hence, better technology will lead to quicker and more enjoyable mobile transactions. This report focuses on the customer response to mobile banking in California, US. Through one-on-one interviews with 100 young consumers (ages ranging from 15 to 25 years old) the nature of consumer resistance to mobile banking is explored and explained. This strategic report also offers a hopeful examination of the future prospects of mobile phone banking applications in California. Mobile banking represents a daring and emerging innovation with currently relatively low usage rates among American consumers. However, this segment is expected to have a high usage rates in the future with the implementation of improved features by the service providers. The first applications of mobile banking were implemented in the mid-nineties which enabled bank customers to make payments and request account balances via mobile phone as an SMS service. However, compared to Internet banking in developed countries, mobile banking adoption rates in developed and developing countries have been rather low and slow. When mobile phone banking was first launched in the US market in mid-2002, the US consumers had a lukewarm response to the new technology during that time. Only a few percentage of the customers were open to mobile phone banking. ... 9.2.1. Mobile Banking Questions 14 List of Tables 1. Introduction Mobile banking represents a daring and emerging innovation with currently relatively low usage rates among American consumers. However, this segment is expected to have a high usage rates in the future with the implementation of improved features by the service providers. The first applications of mobile banking were implemented in the mid-nineties which enabled bank customers to make payments and request account balances via mobile phone as an SMS service. However, compared to Internet banking in developed countries, mobile banking adoption rates in developed and developing countries have been rather low and slow. When mobile phone banking was first launched in the US market in mid-2002, the US consumers had a lukewarm response to the new technology during that time. Only a few percentage of the customers were open to mobile phone banking. Approximately, only 4% of US online consumers with a mobile phone use a feature of mobile banking. Another 5% of the consumers were interested, however, the remaining 72% of the customers were not interested at all. (Meyer, Thomas, 2007) 1.1. Background of the StudyMobile phone banking did not have a great beginning in the US banking market. For instance, the Wells Fargo shut down its mobile phone banking offering in 2002 give a skeptic response from the bank customers. In addition, Forrester Research found out that only 10% of American consumers indicated that they would consider mobile banking, versus the 35% or so who already bank online. The customer resistance for mobile phone banking has been persistent. A common reason for this is that the bank customers are conservative and security conscious with respect to their money. These

International Taxation - International Taxation and Foreign Tax Research Paper

International Taxation - International Taxation and Foreign Tax Credits - Research Paper Example However, in reality the U.S. government ignores this concept of neutrality and imposes taxation on profits earned by U.S. companies in any country outside the border. Thus, U.S. companies who seek to spread businesses overseas are burdened with a combination of tax systems. Such companies are required to pay taxes to the U.S. Government as well as the government of the countries where they are conducting their activities (Henchman, 2011, pp.1-2). This paper contains my proposals as a tax professional to my U.S based client who wants to expand his business into foreign markets. Taxpayer’s organizations My client can establish chain of hotels or restaurants in a foreign country. This will make my client fall under deferral system of U.S. foreign tax. Under this system, subsidiary companies that are situated in other countries can be exempted from U.S. taxation unless such revenue is repatriated to the parent company like in the form of dividends. Also, I will advice my client to launch hotels in countries that are keen on promoting tourism by easy tax credits and ready development loans. For instance in Peru, foreign investors on hotel industry are given tax incentives and tax returns even before the investments are completed or the recommended constructions are completed (Finkelstein, 2012). The second type of organization that my client can establish is manufacturing company. This will benefit my client if he sells the manufactured products to foreign clients with foreign titles. Such income will fall under foreign income category although the company is situated with the U.S. Moreover, in the initial year since my client will be new in the foreign market his sales volumes will be low. In that case my suggestion will be to conduct activities from the U.S. without opening subsidiary company in the foreign country. In this way he will be able to avoid local taxes in the country on income earned from local sources. Tax mitigation on repatriate earnings A ma jor portion of income earned by U.S. companies is derived from foreign sources. Both the United States and the country in which the company is executing its activities prefer to impose taxes on the company. The governments of both countries try to benefit from these companies thereby establishing double taxation concept. Although the U.S. government attempts to mitigate its tax claim, these overlapping tax impositions create complications for U.S. tax collectors. This provides opportunities to multinational companies to avoid taxes. Subsidiary companies are confronted with high tax rates in countries where they operate. As an owner of a multinational company, my client will have an incentive to get income remittances in one of the forms that propose tax deductions. The incentive will not be in the form of dividends. A remittance that is subject to tax deductions directly reduces tax payments of source country. On the other hand, dividend expenses may only generate unusable surplus o f credits. The strategy is to keep the rates of tax less than that on dividends on the forms of payments that fall under the category of tax deductions. This will be more beneficial if the parent company that is situated within US has surplus of credit. It will be then profitable for my client to conduct payments in these tax-deductible forms. The surplus of credits can also be utilized for counterbalancing any remaining U.S. tax on such payments. The principle impact will be that

Summary of October Sky Essay Example for Free

Summary of October Sky Essay Peter Travis creates a brand new look on the Movie, October Sky directed by Joe Johnston by reviewing the movie for Rolling stones in february 1999. He discovers the movie to be very unique and refreshing from the movies directed at that period of time. He considers October skys optimistic look on life to be way more necessary for common people than those Cynical outlooks of other movies. Traver states that the movie is based on the autobiography â€Å"The Rocket boys : A memoir â€Å" written by Homer Hickham, who worked as an aerospace engineer for almost twenty years in NASA. Traver briefly describes the Plot and Summary of the Movie which provides a good insight about the movie for readers. He starts saying that the movie is setback during the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union when the Soviets launched Sputnik towards the space. Travers states that even though the people of coalwood do not recognize the historic essence of this event , they still consider this achievement to be of great importance in the Technological Field. However, Homer Hickham , the protagonist of the movie discovers a new passion after watching this event take place. His desire of building rockets not only helps him to create a new future for himself but also provides him strength from not following his fathers footsteps towards working in the mines. Traver highlights the innumerable amount of difficulties Homer had to face before convincing his father Jim Hickham ( Chris Copper) to accept his passion for building rockets and help him choose a new path of life which is completely different from his own. Traver also states that the underrated actor Chris cooper does not slip into Caricature and plays his role very well . But out of all the events that takes place in the movie the most important one is difficulties Homer overcomes till the end and wins the Science Fair at last. He concludes by highlighting details about the plot of the movie to be distinctive and rich in favor. Nevertheless, he says Homer and friends turning out to choose their own futures different from what their parents wanted would sound corny but the movie surely focuses on the idealistic time in the American history

Assignment on Human Trafficking and Prostitution

Assignment on Human Trafficking and Prostitution Human trafficking and prostitution both are not new issues to get noticed. In south Asian countries, human trafficking and prostitution are getting out of focus as if there is no right called human right. Bangladesh is one of the south asian countries where human rights are not developed yet. Human trafficking, especially in children and women, has been increasing in Bangladesh. This criminal business is linked with the globalization and this business is growing across the world. Human trafficking, in fact, is a trade in human flesh, particularly when girls fall prey to it.  [1]  After the trafficking part, prostitution comes in second. Most of the time it has been seen that trafficked women or children works as prostitution in other countries. Some over 25,000 women and children are trafficked out of the Bangladesh to other countries every year, which is very alarming for Bangladesh.  [2]  In terms for human trafficking and prostitution women and children are the most common victims than men. Bangladesh is called a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾sourceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ country as men, women and children from poorer and vulnerable families are collected and smuggled out of India, Pakistan, UAE, Europe, America etc.  [3]   As a developing country Bangladesh is not aware of the Human Right (trafficking or prostitution) which is mandatory for a civilized nation. Bangladeshi government is not taking effective steps to get rid of human trafficking and prostitution problems. In Bangladesh mainly poor people are getting involved into that problem. Lack of proper monitoring, controlling and effective implementation of law against human trafficking and prostitution are the root causes of that problem. There are enough laws in Bangladesh on human rights but most of them are inactive that is why criminals are getting chances to do more crime. Because of poor execution of laws most the victims are not getting right justice. If Bangladesh government takes efficient steps to minimize that problem then the human rights will be survived otherwise proper civilization can not be made for Bangladeshi people. HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND PROSTITUTION IN BANGLADESH Human trafficking involves transporting people away from the communities in which they live by the threat or use of violence, deception or coercion so that they can be exploited as forced or enslaved workers for sex or labor. When children are trafficked, no violence, deception or coercion needs to be involved, it is merely the act of transporting them into exploitative work constitutes trafficking.  [4]  The Constitution states that each individual is entitled to choose her own profession/occupation or trade. Taking advantage of the vulnerability of the poverty-stricken or opportunity seeking people, unscrupulous persons (flesh traders) force, entice, lure or sell minors and other gullible persons into prostitution. They make them execute affidavits in front of false magistrates/impersonators stating that they have gone into prostitution of their own volition and they are over 18 years old. Most reports emphasize that, in recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of children and women being trafficked from Bangladesh into India and other countries. The causes of trafficking and the factors leading to this apparent increases in recent years are multiple and complicated. These factors are embedded within the socioeconomic structure of the country and require an in-depth analysis. According to the trafficking record it has been seen that there are some group which are becoming victims, those groups can be categorized as poor women and children, abandoned women, widows and separated women, girls of broken families, migrants, ethnic minorities.  [5]  Those trafficked victims are used for forced labor (domestic work, farm work, and factory work), forced sexual service (prostitution, barmaids, work in sex tourism industry and pornography), begging, smuggling, organ sale, camel jockeying. In Bangladesh there are some approaches of human trafficking some of those are selling a person by family members, neighbor, and friends, luring out a person with a promise of job or marriage, kidnapping a person. Most of the cases women and children are generally recruited from rural areas or small towns. In the transshipment process they are handed over and taken over by numerous procurers, brokers and intermediaries, usually not known to authorities as ones with criminal. Traffickers usually take help of local people and villagers to identify poor families. Traffickers operate in an internal network having agents make contracts with unsuspecting women and children around bus and train stations. Prostitution is legal in Bangladesh but according to our culture and community system that does not go with Bangladesh. According to the law Female prostitution with minimum age 18 is legal. Male prostitution is illegal. Female prostitution is legal, Male prostitution is illegal, although local NGOs claimed it is common in the major cities. The authorities generally ignored the minimum age of 18, often circumvented by false statements of age, for legal female prostitution. The government rarely prosecuted procurers of minors, and large numbers of underage girls in prostitution worked in brothels. Local NGOs estimated the total number of female prostitutes was as many as 100,000. The UN Childrens Fund (UNICEF) estimated in 2004 that there were 10,000 underage girls used in commercial sexual exploitation in the country, but other estimates placed the figure as high as 29,000. Trafficking of women internally and internationally remained a problem 6. As many as 10,000 children were used in brothels for commercial sexual exploitation, and procurers of minors were rarely prosecuted. Government corruption greatly facilitated the process of trafficking. Police and local government officials often ignored trafficking in women and children for commercial sexual exploitation and were easily bribed by brothel owners and pimps. Trafficking and Prostitutions Routes in Bangladesh: 6 US Department of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, 2008 Human Rights Report: Bangladesh, 7 Rahman Mahfuzur , Human Trafficking: Children and Women are the worst victims. (Bangladesh: News Network, 2004). P. 25 Bangladesh and India have 4,222 km of common borders stretching over 28 districts of Bangladesh. According to sources, Brahmanbaria, Chittagong, Chuadanga, Comilla, Coxà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s Bazar, Dinajpur, Jessore, Jhenaidah, Joypurhat, Jushtia, Lalmonirhat, Meherpur, Chapainawabganj, Nilpahar, Panchagarh, Rajshahi and Satkhira are the districts through which children and women are frequently smuggled out of the country. Now this trafficking and prostitution are not included in just India, now speeded in other countries as Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, China, Myanmar, Thailand, Japan 7. Purposes of Human Trafficking and Prostitution in Bangladesh: Bangladesh is not a developed country so many sufferings are here for people. Poor people suffer a lot as food problem, health problem, sanitation, cloth problem, education problem and some other sufferings, there is no end. From these problems those people get involved in unethical works. Some part of the people take chances of suffered people and use them for trafficking or protection. So the number of trafficked and prostitute are increasing in Bangladesh day by day. Poverty is certainly driving rural young women to cities. They take job in the garment factories or work as housemaids or in any other sectors. Their employers sexually abuse and harass them and finally drive them thus loosing chastity to the profession of prostitution. Prostitution is not a new phenomenon in Bangladesh. Religion although does not permit prostitution, its law does not prevent a woman from becoming a prostitute if she likes to be. This oldest institution having enrooted deep in the society can not be a bolished overnight. None can, however, define human prostitution simply as the use of sexual responses for an ulterior purpose. This would include a great portion of all social behavior, especially that of women. It would include marriage, for example, wherein women trade their sexual favors for an economic and social status supplied by men. Being repressed under growing economic crises, women and minor girls are forced to engage in prostitution for survival. More and more children are joining this profession. While most of them initiate this profession under the repression of economic hardship they are exposed to several vulnerabilities. They are forced to share their hard-earned money with a third party. Guardian such as elder sisters, brothers, parents are accepting this profession. It is difficult to have the statistics of floating and hotel sex workers since they neither have any particular locations nor do they maintain any registration. It is important to ensure proper implem entation of the laws regarding the rights of the sex workers and to ensure their total liberty so that they can take as many clients as their bodies permit. However, Hotel sex working is an emerging dynamics of sex working in Bangladesh in terms of the rate and volumes with the declining trend of brothel sex with the subsequent eviction of the oldest and biggest brothels in Bangladesh. Law against Human Trafficking and Prostitution: Laws and rules are available in Bangladesh but problem is the execution of law is the main problem. We do not practice what is according to the law and rules. The power of law is bit low here that is why the crime and corruption rates are increasing in Bangladesh day by day. In the case of trafficker and business of prostitution, laws are not becoming very effective against that. Under Bangladeshà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s Suppression of Violence Against Women and Children act (2000) trafficking of women and children is illegal. Harsh penalties are prescribed for traffickers. However, this law is frequently not implemented and fails to safeguard the rights of people who have been trafficked.  [6]   Most of the trafficked women in Bangladesh end up as young prostitutes. Young girls from poor families, lures by offers of jobs, marriage, invariably land into brothels on both sides of the border. According to the suppression of immoral Trafficking Act 1933, provides for punishment for forcing a girl into prostitution. In Section 11 of the Act provides a penalty of maximum three years of imprisonment or fine or both9. RECOMMENDATION Human Trafficking and Prostitution is not a local problem but global problem. Bangladesh government is aware of the problem of trafficking and has taken up measures to prevent it. One such measure is the strengthening of border posts. However, the sheer length of Bangladeshs border with India and Burma makes it impossible to prevent people crossing the borders. Another measure is the strengthening of legislation and increasing punishments for trafficking. There are some steps which can help to minimize the social problem of Human trafficking and Prostitution which are mentioned below: Strengthening laws against unethical works (trafficking, smuggling etc.) Increasing Government monitoring system and controlling system. Permitting more NGOs and social agents to increase awareness (A uniform plan of action on the issue of trafficking of women and children involving the governments and NGOs of the region needs to be developed, so that a coordinated approach toward the conviction of traffickers is possible) Minimizing the rate of corruption and fulfilling the basic rights of human being. Increasing media exposure and social awareness activities.(for example medias reporting and social activities on creation of awareness have been effective in making people aware of the deceptive mechanisms adopted by the agents of trafficking.) Government can take measures by which people have complete control over food and livelihood. Increasing the Awareness-raising Program, Monitoring and Support Services to victims. CONCLUSION The trafficking issue is closely linked with the human rights issue with important ramifications in the area of health, law-enforcing, and socioeconomic development in general. Poverty, attitudes toward women and deeply-entrenched gender discrimination, unemployment, cultural norms about marriage, well-organized national and international networks of traffickers, and weak law-enforcing agencies are few critical factors relating to trafficking of women and children in Bangladesh. This criminal activity cannot be addressed through tougher laws alone. Several legislations, including the Women and Children Repression Prevention Act, 2000, already provide penalties for violence against women and children, including trafficking and kidnapping. Yet, implementation of these legislations remains a formidable challenge. In Bangladesh social and economic vulnerability of women and children have left them with only a few options to eke out a livelihood. For that reason crimes are incr easing as well as Environmental degradation, ecological erosion all these systems further accelerate the process. So the traffickers are taking advantages of that situation also prostitution business is getting higher. The government must take effective measures to defeat the rising problem of human trafficking and prostitution.

Transplantation: Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Essay -- Health Medi

Transplantation: Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a slowly-progressive disease which ultimately robs its victims of voluntary motor control. The disease manifests itself as a series of symptoms which include "bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and impairment of postural reflexes (Fitzgerald, 1992:215)". It is a result of a loss of neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Chemotherapy, in the form of drugs such as levodopa and carbidopa, has been effective in alleviating many of the symptoms in the early stages of PD; however, with increasing losses in the number of cells in SNpc, such therapy becomes more and more ineffective. New therapies, using selegiline (deprenyl) and antioxidants (tocopherol or Vitamin E) focus on halting the progression of the disease by potentially salvaging surviving SNpc cells (Ahlskog, 1990). A more aggressive approach in the treatment of PD has surfaced in recent years. Researchers are experimenting with the prospects of transplanting tissue directly into the afflicted areas of the central nervous system (CNS) of PD patients. In both animal models of PD and humans, marginally successful transplants have been performed using adrenal chromaffin cells and fetal neurons. Genetically-altered, dopamine-producing tissues are currently being proposed as an alternative in transplant therapy of PD. As techniques become more refined, such "brain-grafting" may be the panacea for not only PD, but also for other debilitating diseases such as Huntington’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. According to Fitzgerald (1992:215), the "cardinal pathological feature [of PD] is loss of neurons from the substantia nigra". Most of this loss occurs in the SNpc, of which approxima... ...zgerald, M. J. T. Neuroanatomy: Basic and Clinical. London: Bailliere Tindall, 1992. Freed, C. R. et.al. 1992. Improved drug responsiveness following fetal tissue implant for Parkinson’s disease. Neurochemistry International, 20: 321S-327S. Freed, C. R. et.al. 1990. Transplantation of human fetal dopamine cells for Parkinson’s disease. Fetal Human Transplant, 47:505-12. Freed, W. J. et.al. 1991. Brain grafts and Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 45:261-7. Hurtig, H. et.al. 1989. Postmortem analysis of adrenal-medulla-to caudate autograft in a patient with Parkinson’s disease. Annals of Neurology, 25(6):607-13. Kordower, J. H. et.al. 1991. Putative chromaffin cell survival and enhanced host-derived TH-fiber innervation following a functional adrenal medulla autograft for Parkinson’s disease. Annals of Neurology, 29(4):405-12.

The Hobbit :: Free Essay Writer

The Hobbit The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien is set in a fantasy world that has differences, as well as similarities, to our own world. The author has created the novel's world, Middle Earth, not only by using imagination, but by also adding details from the modern world. Realistic elements in the book enable readers to relate to the setting, yet have the ability to "imagine" exciting events and organisms not found on Earth. The majority of differences between Middle Earth and today's world are found in objects and the actions of characters that can not be carried out or created in our world. The most abundant example of this in The Hobbit is the presence of magic. Gandalf, the wizard, is able to help the adventurers out of a number of dangerous situations by using his magical powers to harm their enemies. He set Wargs afire while he was trapped in a tree and created a bolt of lightening to kill many of the Goblins who had surrounded the group in a cave. The magical ring, which was a key to helping the groups succeed in the book, allowed he who was wearing it to become invisible to others. Also, there was a black stream in Mirkwood that made he who drank out of it suddenly very drowsy and forgetful of previous events. All of these examples of happenings and objects found in Middle Earth are physically impossible in a world such as ours. Several of the organisms in the book are not known to exist on Earth. Hobbits, of course, are fictional characters, as are dwarves, elves, goblins, and trolls. Many species of animals are able to vocally communicate with humans and dwarves in the novel, which is not possible on our planet. Beorn, a human who is able to morph into other creatures at an instant, is an excellent example of such fiction. The dragon, Smaug, is the main adversary of the fourteen adventurers and is a type of creature that has long been used in fantasy writing. Although most of the characters' species are merely creations of the author, they all exhibit a sense of realism that causes them to seem almost human. There is a vast difference between Middle Earth and the modern world, but there are also several similarities. In Middle Earth, there live humans, and hobbits, which are very much similar to miniature people.

Psychotherapy Techniques

Psychotherapy involves a number of techniques used to improve mental health or emotional and behavioral issues. Three common techniques are psychoanalysis, cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. Although these may have some fundamental similarities, especially in their objectives, there are some ways in which these approaches are different. Psychoanalysis began with Freud. Trained as a neurologist, Freud began seeing neurological problems that had no biological basis in his clients. He therefore looked towards the mind for answers. Psychoanalysis is based on the belief that change will take place when an individual becomes more self- aware by bringing unconscious thoughts and feelings into the conscious. Behavior must be based more on reality than instinct. The basic method of psychoanalysis is the free association method, where the client is directed to say whatever comes to mind on hearing a particular word. The analyst listens well and interprets the patterns and inhibitions in the patient's speech and behavior the analyst's main job is to help the patient to free his mind from unconscious barriers or past patterns of thought relatedness that are no longer helpful to the client. Recent psychoanalysis techniques try to help clients gain better trust in themselves, self -esteem and overcome the fear of death. Psychoanalysts believe that a more insight-oriented approach is to be used with healthier clients and a more supportive approach with more disturbed clients. This type of analysis is thought to be useful in clients with personality problems and neuroses, problems of intimacy and relationships. Psychoanalysis may include the client examining his relationship with the therapist. This is not included in cognitive or behavioral therapy. Cognitive therapy which also has its foundation in the concept of distorted thoughts and how they influence behavior uses a different technique for helping the client. The emphasis here is more on distorted thoughts interfering with the reality than on patterns of the client's personality as in the psychoanalytical model. The central premise is that our thoughts mediate between the stimuli in the environment and our emotions. Therefore a stimulus elicits a thought which in turn might stimulate a particular emotion, especially if that thought is an evaluative judgment. Cognitive therapists suggest that psychological distress is caused by distorted thoughts about stimuli giving rise to distressed emotions. In short, faulty thoughts cause psychological problems and therefore changing our thought patterns will lead to mental healing and changes in behavior. The analyst therefore attempts to help the client become aware of these distorted thoughts and the behavioral patterns which are re-enforcing these distorted thoughts and then to help the client correct them. The analyst has to understand the experiences from the client's point of view, unlike in psychoanalysis where the analyst only listens and points out insights to the client. The cognitive analyst then helps the client explore these distressed thoughts and put them against reality. The distorted thoughts are replaced by more accurate thoughts about the client and his life. Since this therapy is geared towards modifying people's core beliefs, it has been found to be more effective in treating conditions such as depression, substance abuse, anxiety disorders, eating disorders and phobias. A major difference observed with behavioral therapy is that it is focused on behaviors that are observable and measurable rather than on cognitions as in the two previous therapies. Behavioral therapy relies on principles of operant conditioning, classical conditioning and social learning theory. Generally behavior therapy works by changing the client's behavior through use of rewards, reinforcements and desensitization. There are many different techniques that are used by behavior therapists, including self-management, biofeedback, role-playing, modelling,etc. Unlike psychoanalysis and cognitive therapy, the client practices a particular behavior, accompanied by a reward or reinforcement of that positive behavior until change in behavior has taken place. Similar to cognitive therapy, behavior therapy is not generally used in dealing with issues of relationships. In some instances cognitive and behavior therapy are combined in one technique- cognitive-behavioral – where the analysts helps the client to understand the thinking behind his behavior while practicing alternative behaviors.

Ashok Rajguru Essay

From the first session based on the case â€Å"Ashok RaJguru†, I learned that to help a person, it is better to guide him to find a solution to his problems by himself. On the other hand, Ashok helped me in analysing my life by better understanding the mix of value of studies as well as personal relationships in life. Here I learnt that it is important to understand the value of your dreams at each stage and to keep evaluating it after some time, so that you don’t have to regret later. For the second case, I could not relate to a lot of things from my past experiences, but I got to know the kind of problems faced by employees in organisations. Here I learned from the experiences of my colleagues, who had faced similar situations at their workplace. I also learned that it is important o let misunderstandings not get created and if they do, then we should sort them out at the earliest. In the third and the fourth session, we analysed our personalities by filling in a questionnaire. With this instrument, I was able to understand the ego states that I follow. It has helped me in understanding various transactions that have taken place afterwards and I have been able to relate to them. From the reading I learned Managerial styles which will help me I my future